CAPEC-1: Accessing Functionality Not Properly Constrained by ACLs
CAPEC版本: 3.9
更新日期: 2023-01-24
攻击模式描述
In applications, particularly web applications, access to functionality is mitigated by an authorization framework. This framework maps Access Control Lists (ACLs) to elements of the application's functionality; particularly URL's for web apps. In the case that the administrator failed to specify an ACL for a particular element, an attacker may be able to access it with impunity. An attacker with the ability to access functionality not properly constrained by ACLs can obtain sensitive information and possibly compromise the entire application. Such an attacker can access resources that must be available only to users at a higher privilege level, can access management sections of the application, or can run queries for data that they otherwise not supposed to.
执行流程
步骤 1 Explore
[Survey] The attacker surveys the target application, possibly as a valid and authenticated user
- Spidering web sites for all available links
- Brute force guessing of resource names
- Brute force guessing of user names / credentials
- Brute force guessing of function names / actions
步骤 2 Explore
[Identify Functionality] At each step, the attacker notes the resource or functionality access mechanism invoked upon performing specific actions
- Use the web inventory of all forms and inputs and apply attack data to those inputs.
- Use a packet sniffer to capture and record network traffic
- Execute the software in a debugger and record API calls into the operating system or important libraries. This might occur in an environment other than a production environment, in order to find weaknesses that can be exploited in a production environment.
步骤 3 Experiment
[Iterate over access capabilities] Possibly as a valid user, the attacker then tries to access each of the noted access mechanisms directly in order to perform functions not constrained by the ACLs.
- Fuzzing of API parameters (URL parameters, OS API parameters, protocol parameters)
前提条件
- The application must be navigable in a manner that associates elements (subsections) of the application with ACLs.
- The various resources, or individual URLs, must be somehow discoverable by the attacker
- The administrator must have forgotten to associate an ACL or has associated an inappropriately permissive ACL with a particular navigable resource.
所需技能
所需资源
- None: No specialized resources are required to execute this type of attack.
后果影响
影响范围: Confidentiality Access Control Authorization
技术影响: Gain Privileges
分类映射
| 分类名称 | 条目ID | 条目名称 |
|---|---|---|
| ATTACK | 1574.010 | Hijack Execution Flow: ServicesFile Permissions Weakness |